A Study of the Effectiveness of Kangaroo Mother Care on Low Birth Weight Infants in Jigawa State
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Background of the Study
Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is an effective, evidence-based intervention for the care of low birth weight (LBW) infants, particularly in resource-limited settings. KMC involves early and continuous skin-to-skin contact between the mother and her newborn, supplemented with exclusive breastfeeding and support for thermal regulation (World Health Organization [WHO], 2024). This approach has been shown to improve neonatal survival, reduce the risk of infection, and enhance parent-infant bonding, especially in low-resource settings such as Jigawa State, Nigeria, where access to specialized neonatal care can be limited (Adebayo et al., 2023).
LBW infants are more vulnerable to infections, respiratory distress, and other complications, making early and supportive care crucial for their survival. In Jigawa State, where neonatal mortality remains a concern, implementing KMC could provide an affordable and accessible solution to improve infant outcomes and reduce healthcare costs (Abdullahi et al., 2023). This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of KMC in improving the health and survival outcomes of LBW infants in Jigawa State.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the benefits of KMC, its adoption and implementation are limited in many areas of Nigeria due to a lack of awareness, training, and infrastructure. In Jigawa State, the challenges of neonatal care, including a shortage of neonatal intensive care units and healthcare professionals, necessitate the exploration of alternative care strategies such as KMC. This study will investigate how effectively KMC is being utilized in Jigawa State and its impact on LBW infants' health outcomes.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the effectiveness of Kangaroo Mother Care in improving the survival rate and health outcomes of LBW infants in Jigawa State.
- To evaluate the adherence of healthcare providers to KMC protocols in Jigawa State.
- To identify the challenges and barriers to the widespread adoption of KMC for LBW infants in Jigawa State.
Research Questions
- What is the impact of Kangaroo Mother Care on the health outcomes of LBW infants in Jigawa State?
- How well are healthcare providers in Jigawa State adhering to KMC protocols?
- What are the barriers and challenges in implementing Kangaroo Mother Care for LBW infants in Jigawa State?
Research Hypotheses
- Kangaroo Mother Care significantly improves the health outcomes and survival rates of LBW infants in Jigawa State.
- Healthcare providers in Jigawa State adhere to KMC protocols with varying levels of success, influenced by training and resource availability.
- Barriers such as lack of infrastructure, awareness, and training hinder the widespread adoption of KMC for LBW infants in Jigawa State.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on healthcare facilities in Jigawa State that provide services for newborns, particularly those with low birth weight. The scope includes healthcare providers' knowledge, adherence to KMC protocols, and the health outcomes of LBW infants. Limitations include potential challenges in accessing all healthcare centers due to geographic and logistical constraints, and the reliance on available data, which may not always be complete or accurate.
Definitions of Terms
- Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC): A method of neonatal care that involves skin-to-skin contact between the mother and the infant, aiming to improve neonatal health outcomes.
- Low Birth Weight (LBW): Infants born weighing less than 2,500 grams, often facing higher risks of complications and mortality.
- Neonatal Mortality: The death of a newborn within the first 28 days of life, often due to complications such as infections or prematurity.
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